Avis Benton спросил 7 месяцев назад
Planar Magnetic Loudspeakers and Ribbon Tweeters
Planar magnetic drivers as well as ribbon tweeters and other dynamic speakers offer many advantages. Their comparatively large diaphragms require very little movement (excursion) to reproduce the same sound level as a conventional driver, thus producing very low distortion.
They also have dipolar radiation patterns meaning that they radiate equally in front and behind the speaker.
High-Resolution Sound
They are known for their precise, detailed sound effects. They are known to deliver high-resolution and reveal subtle nuances in the music that other drivers cannot reproduce or reveal.
In addition to their impressive accuracy in sound reproduction, planar and ribbon drivers provide superior sound staging, allowing them to reproduce an expansive soundstage with outstanding clarity. This makes them a fantastic option for audiophiles and home audiophiles who wish to enjoy music to the maximum extent possible.
One of the most important characteristics of planar and ribbon drivers is their dipole radiation pattern, that emits equal energy front and rear with inverted phase to create an incredibly spacious and natural soundstage. This, in conjunction with their large dispersion makes them ideal for large rooms, where they can fill the room with a an expansive and natural soundstage, without causing unnatural reflections off the walls and furniture.
planar headphone (http://www.40billion.Com) magnetic drivers have a quick response time which allows them to reproduce transients more precisely and quickly than cone drivers. This produces a clear and precise sound, even at very high frequencies.
Another benefit of planar magnetic drivers is their low distortion. This is because they don’t employ a voice coil instead, but an electrostatic field. This allows the diaphragms move without causing vibrations that can cause distortion.
Additionally, the distance between the magnets in a planar driver is bigger than the gap in a conventional cone speaker. This allows for a higher frequency response and less distortion at low amplitudes, while still providing high-quality bass.
Although many of the advantages of planar magnetic drivers appeal to you however, they have some limitations that should be considered. They can be costly and require more power when compared to other types of speakers. They can also be heavy which makes difficult to fit into certain spaces. They can also be sensitive to the room acoustics, and require extensive treatment of the room to achieve optimal performance. Fortunately, there are ways to reduce these issues for example, by putting an attenuation resistor (provided with your speakers) in the attenuation location, or by applying some kind of room treatment.
Wide Dispersion
Planar magnetic speakers also produce sound by controlling electrical currents that pass through wires suspended in between magnets. However they directly move a flat diaphragm instead than an electrostatic charge, which means they have a larger surface area and greater accuracy. This allows them to be incorporated into smaller and more affordable headsets and speakers as opposed to electrostatic models.
Planar drivers are not just capable of dispersing sound efficiently they also offer better image and clarity in the higher frequencies. This is an enormous benefit for audiophiles who like listening to their favorite movies or music in an expansive living room or any other open space.
Planar drivers also can produce an extremely deep bass since they can be augmented with boxed subwoofers connected to or separated from the ribbon-like membrane. This is contrary to conventional cone-type speaker woofers that are usually placed at the bottom of the cabinet, which is a place that cannot reproduce bass frequencies due to the physical limitations of the woofer enclosure.
A planar driver has an extremely low distortion rate, which is directly proportional to the size and movement of the diaphragm. A planar speaker is able to produce a huge volume of sound without distortion. This is the reason that the sound quality is so clear and detailed.
In comparison, the dynamic drivers used in standard headphones and speakers typically exhibit significant amounts of distortion when they are driven to the limits of extreme excursion. Dynamic drivers can create an unnatural or booming sound.
Planar magnetic drivers are extremely efficient. They are less energy-intensive to drive, which results in a reduced energy consumption and a less negative impact on the environment. Additionally, their diaphragms are typically comprised of lighter materials than standard speakers, which in turn reduces the amount of energy needed for them to generate the desired sound pressure.
Many audiophiles have heard of planar/ribbon speakers like those produced by Magnepan Infinity and Apogee Acoustics. However, there is a brand new available. New planar loudspeakers from manufacturers like Clarisys Audio and Diptyque, for instance, feature the latest advancements in ribbon technology.
Low Distortion
Planar magnetic speakers have very low distortion due to the fact that they don’t employ the traditional cone or dome-shaped diaphragm. This is due to their unique design that eliminates voice coil inductance that is associated with dynamic driver drivers for speakers. (See U.S. patent 6,353,560). This assures that the diaphragm never out of phase with the magnetic field surrounding it, resulting in it has a constant output. In general, distortion only occurs when high-amplitude waveforms are reproduced. With a single-ended planar magnetic driver, distortion is almost impossible at all frequencies that are above the bass.
Planar magnetic loudspeakers are very efficient and have low distortion. This means that the drive requires much less power than other speaker technologies. This means lower costs of ownership as well as less energy consumption.
The distortion of planar magnetic drivers is significantly lower than traditional dynamic speakers, and more so for electrostatic speakers. This is because the diaphragm, which is flat, of the planar magnetic driver is equipped with a conductor trace around it that allows it to react to the magnetic fields generated by the magnets that are on the opposite side of it.
The two magnets have to be placed so that the voice element is in the magnetic field optimally throughout the time. This is what allows for the extremely linear performance of planar magnetic drivers in all frequencies that go beyond the bass.
Planar magnetic drivers have many other advantages however the most significant is that they can be built as either dipoles (radiating in opposite phases and equally in front and behind the speaker, similar to an ESL), or monopoles (radiating in the direction of forward similar to traditional dynamic speakers). This allows for a wide variety of potential designs, especially when combined with ribbon tweeters.
Many planar magnetic loudspeakers are on the market today from manufacturers such as Hifiman, Dan Clark, Audeze and Fostex. Each company has their own signature sound that comes of their proprietary driver designs and other technological innovations. These speakers are characterized by their incredible detail and their dynamic, planar headphone as well as controlled directionality.
High Power Handling
Planar magnetic speakers can handle more power than traditional moving coil dynamic drivers without the tension and strain they may cause. The «voice coil» is not squeezed into the small gap between the cones and baskets as in traditional dynamic drivers. Instead it is spread out over more of a large area. This provides the voice coil with more surface area to help disperse heat efficiently.
Planar drivers can handle so much power because they are light in comparison to conventional drivers. Dynamic drivers feature diaphragms that are heavy and thick. They are several orders of magnitude thicker and heavier than the ultra-light diaphragms found in planar magnetic drive. Because of their high mass, conventional diaphragms need a larger amount of force to move between them (a measure known as excursion) to produce an equal amount of sound pressure.
They can’t be driven nearly as hard as a planar magnet planar driver, because the voice coil will begin to create significant distortion. This is why it’s crucial to purchase only loudspeakers that are designed for the type of amplifier you plan to drive them with.
The high excitation of a planar magnetic driver also allows it to create a wider soundstage than conventional drivers. This is because the entire diaphragm vibrates to create a flat, even wavefront, rather than the more focused spherical wavefront common in traditional drivers. The wider soundstage also improves the accuracy and detail of the speakers which allows them to better reproduce subtle variations and more complex sounds.
The downside to the superior power handling of planar magnetic drivers is that they are typically more expensive to produce and require higher-powered amplifiers in order to be driven at full capacity. They can be huge and heavy, which makes it difficult to install them in certain areas. They also tend to have a lower bass response, meaning that you may have to add a subwoofer your system in order to get the best results at lower frequencies.